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A | 出口量连创新高今年以来，我国汽车出口提速。中汽协数据显示，8月份，汽车企业出口30.8万辆，再创历史新高，首次实现单月出口超过30万辆。今年前8月，汽车企业出口181.7万辆，同比增长52.8%。

Zhou Jiang speaks at an event. Photo: Courtesy of Zhou Jiang
Zhou Jiang, a researcher at the Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, has a favorite book: White Deer Tableland or Bai Lu Yuan by renowned writer Chen Zhongshi.
As vice president of the Regional Science Association of China (RSAC), Zhou told the Global Times that a lifetime of reading has profoundly shaped the way he sees and understands the world. It ultimately led him to a career in research and academia, where he teaches and pursues scholarly work.
Since earning his PhD in economics in 2000, he has devoted himself to the study of regional science and economics, a field that demands a constant crossing of disciplinary boundaries, drawing on the fields of geography, sociology, history, and ecology among others.
"Reading has kept alive my sense of curiosity and taught me to ask questions with patience and persistence: Where do disparities in regional development come from? How do policies affect different groups in society? And how can a region pursue both efficiency and equity so that development is not merely effective, but also imbued with a greater sense of humanity and warmth?" Zhou noted.
Founded in 1991, RSAC is a national academic society dedicated to advancing domestic and international academic exchange and cooperation, providing consulting services on spatial planning, urbanization, and regional development, and offering intellectual support for China's modernization drive.
The 57-year-old researcher noted that reading has empowered him in two distinct ways.
"The first is discernment. When confronted with a complex issue, I try not to settle for a simple conclusion. Instead, I make an effort to understand its broader context, how it has unfolded, and the perspectives of the different people involved," he said.
"The second is a sense of inner steadiness. Setbacks are an inevitable part of both life and work. Good books remind us that hardship is never ours alone to bear; countless people before us have faced circumstances more difficult than our own, made difficult choices, and found the strength to carry on. Reading cannot solve every problem for us, but it can help us remain calm when challenges arise, giving us the clarity and resilience that allow us not to panic or give up too easily," he said.
Historical depth

Each time Zhou returns to the White Deer Tableland, he finds something different in its pages.
"When I first read it as a young person, I was drawn primarily to the characters and the twists and turns of their lives. Later, as I began researching regional economics, I found myself paying closer attention to the changes in the land, the countryside, families and social order presented in the story. Now, approaching 60, I have come to appreciate more deeply the choices the characters make, the constraints they face, and the quiet perseverance they show amid the sweeping currents of their times," he said.
White Deer Tableland uses Bai Lu village in Northwest China's Shaanxi Province as a microcosm, tracing the feuds and intertwined fortunes of three generations of the Bai (literally meaning white) and Lu families. Through their stories, it captures more than half a century of sweeping historical change, from the final years of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) to the 1970s and 1980s. The novel won the Mao Dun Literature Prize, one of China's top literature awards, in 1997.
Zhou prefers literary works with historical depth and a keen eye for social change.
Regional economics may appear to be concerned with the spatial distribution of industries, population and resources, but at its heart, it is about how people live on a particular piece of land, and why some places flourish while others decline, he noted.
In this sense, literature and history are more than pastimes beyond professional research. They often help him understand the historical context, cultural traditions and social mentality that lie behind economic data, he said.
When reading novels, Zhou said that he often pays close attention to the relationship between people and the places they inhabit: How the land shapes the local character, how transportation transforms a region, and how shifts in industry reshape families and villages. Such details may not offer a direct conclusion, but they broaden a researcher's perspective. They also serve as a reminder that research should look beyond growth rates and statistical indicators to consider the sense of fulfillment experienced by ordinary people and the dignity of human beings.
Understanding ourselves
Once, while tidying his study, he came across a book filled with notes he had scribbled in his early years. Among them was a question that particularly caught his attention: "In the face of sweeping changes in the times and profound social transformation, what can a person truly determine for himself?"
Looking at those words he had written in his youth was like coming face to face with the person he had been decades ago.
Reading is not simply the act of understanding a book; it is also a record of a person's own growth, he said. The same book can reveal something entirely different when read at different stages of life.
When we are young, we turn to books in search of answers; but when we become seasoned, we read more to understand life, to understand others, and ultimately, to better understand ourselves, Zhou said.
In this era of fragmented information, AI can help people access information quickly, organize materials, and gain a basic understanding of unfamiliar fields. Yet deep reading, Zhou said, allows people to see how a conclusion is reached — what evidence supports it, where its boundaries lie, and what alternative interpretations it may invite.
What truly shapes a person, after all, is not how much information they have browsed, but the words that have made them pause and reflect - and the words that have remained with them for many years, he added.
。分车型看，前8月，乘用车出口144.6万辆，同比增长56.4%；商用车出口37.1万辆，同比增长40.2%。中汽协副总工程师许海东告诉记者，乘用车主要包括轿车、SUV和MPV等车型，目前我国SUV在国际市场的比较优势相对明显。

B | 自主品牌车企是我国汽车出口的生力军。前8月，上汽集团海外出口及海外基地销售量累计达到57.99万辆，同比增长56.67%；8月份，上汽集团海外销量高达10.1万辆，同比增长65.7%，占总销量近20%。前8月，奇瑞集团出口累计超25万辆，同比增长51.1%，占总销量的三分之一。业内人士分析，在上汽和奇瑞销售结构中，出口份额占比已达20%至40%，这是一个前所未有的成就，越来越多车企正从“中国的车企”迈向“世界级车企”。从出口目的地看，海外市场分布更为稳定和集中，形成亚洲、拉丁美洲和欧洲三足鼎立的格局。

C | 得益于中国汽车工业实力增强、产业链相对完整以及性价比优势，近年来，中国汽车在部分国家和地区的细分市场已经形成较强影响力。新能源汽车领跑在全球推进汽车电动化的背景下，中国新能源汽车在海外市场的表现同样可圈可点。中汽协数据显示，今年以来，我国新能源汽车出口持续增长。

D | 前8月，新能源汽车出口34.1万辆，同比增长97.4%，对汽车出口贡献率达到了26.7%。值得关注的是，与传统燃油车不同，新能源汽车主要出口到发达国家市场。

E | 据统计，出口到发达国家的销量占比高达85.6%。比亚迪唐和汉、东风风光ix5、小鹏G3、爱驰U5、赛力斯3等国产自主品牌乘用车电动车型先后出口欧洲；宇通、金龙、比亚迪等新能源客车产品在欧美、中东也有很好表现。与此同时，中国新能源汽车走出国门也不再沿袭“低价换市场”的老路。许海东介绍，2021年，出海欧洲的自主品牌新能源汽车平均单价为3万美元(约合人民币20.2万元)，表明自主品牌在海外市场已经具备一定话语权。蔚来汽车董事长李斌告诉记者，蔚来汽车的挪威订单需求超出预期，在所有订单中，92%的用户选择了BaaS。

F | 蔚来的产品、服务和创新商业模式不仅适用中国市场，在全球市场上也具有其独特价值和优势。许海东认为，我国新能源汽车出口之所以能保持较高增速，与竞争力不断提升密不可分。近年来，我国明确了新能源汽车发展方向，不断完善相关规划和政策体系，为新能源汽车产业提供了良好的发展环境。新能源汽车行业依托国内拥有超大规模市场优势，在相对完整产业链支撑下，制造水平持续提升。同时，随着“双碳”发展理念的普及，国际市场对新能源汽车的需求也快速增长。麦肯锡在一份报告中指出，中国电动车领军企业具有明显优势，拥有极具未来感的内饰设计，以及丰富的车联网功能。欧洲车企如果想匹配同样的能力，报价则要高得多。“走出去”需长期规划中汽协预测，今年我国汽车出口有望超过240万辆，销量占比有望逼近10%，成为我国汽车产销量的重要组成部分。实际上，根据前8个月数据，240万辆的预测或许有些保守。中汽协常务副会长兼秘书长付炳锋表示，在汽车产业逐步回归正轨后，仍需关注制约产业发展的诸多不确定性因素。比如，国际环境更趋复杂严峻，世界经济复苏放缓，全球通胀压力居高不下，以及动力电池原材料价格出现上涨苗头、国内疫情多点散发等多重因素为产业链供应链带来不确定性，需要行业密切关注并及时采取有效应对措施。除了外部环境，汽车出海还面临着新的挑战。中国机电产品进出口商会汽车分会孙晓红认为，在各方对行业高速发展寄予美好期望的同时，也应该清醒地看到，目前我国汽车产品贸易的主要方式还停留在一般贸易阶段，海外投资设厂规模远不及跨国汽车制造商，配套供应链自主性和品牌影响力仍在建设之中，不能仅靠出口数据来评价一国汽车产品的竞争力。

G | 由单纯的贸易模式，向品牌“走出去”模式转变，正成为部分中国车企出海的新目标。

H | 9月16日，蔚来在匈牙利佩斯州投资建设的蔚来能源欧洲工厂完成首座换电站下线，这是蔚来在海外建设的第一座工厂，也是蔚来加电产品的欧洲制造中心、服务中心和研发中心。上汽集团已经在海外建立了伦敦、硅谷、特拉维夫3大研发创新中心，拥有98个生产研发基地。许海东表示，目前来看，中国汽车出海仍以贸易为主，海外直接投资较少。未来，随着出口量不断增加，车企在海外市场的产品设计、供应链、管理和服务，以及二手车体系建设都要跟上。全球化发展是车企做大做强的必由之路，也是我国成为汽车强国的重要体现，有实力的企业要勇于开拓。工业和信息化部近日表示，未来将结合产业发展形势和企业需求，加大政策法规、消费金融、信用保险等政策供给，助力中国品牌“走出去”。

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Published on:10:26:49