


A | TORONTO -- Canadian autoworkers have voted to ratify a three-year contract agreement with General Motors.Members of Unifor, the union representing about 4,300 Canadian workers at three Ontario GM facilities, voted 80.5% in favor of the deal, the union said Sunday in a statement.The vote followed the pattern of an agreement reached earlier with Ford, and it leaves only Jeep maker Stellantis without a contract. Talks have yet to start with Stellantis, which has the largest Canadian manufacturing footprint of Detroit's three automakers. The GM agreement came after a brief strike last week by the workers at GM factories in Oshawa and St. Catharines, Ontario, and a parts warehouse in Woodstock, Ontario.GM says in a statement that the deal recognizes worker contributions while positioning the company to be competitive in the future.Unifor said that the deal includes pay raises of nearly 20% for production workers and 25% for skilled trades. Workers would get 10% in general pay raises in the first year, with 2% in the second and 3% in the third. The company also agreed to restore cost-of-living pay raises starting in December of 2024. Temporary workers would get pay raises, and those with at least one year of service would get permanent jobs.Workers who get defined-contribution retirement plans will move to a new defined-benefits pension on Jan. 1, 2025.Unifor is Canada’s largest in the private sector union, with 315,000 workers in many industries. In the United States, strikes continue by the United Auto Workers union with nearly 34,000 workers off their jobs at all three Detroit companies.。

B | 而现在马西等议员提出的这一法案还处于最初阶段。

C | ”马西称,新冠疫情期间,美联储凭空往市场狂撒了数万亿美元,“通过债务货币化,美联储使美元贬值并实行宽松的货币政策,导致出现了我们今天所见到的高通胀情况。

D | ”

E | 1791年,美国第一银行被国会授权成为美国的央行,以稳定该国当时的财政以及处理战争债务,授权期限为1791年到1811年。然而随着战争债务基本得到解决,再加之以托马斯·杰斐逊为代表的政治家认为联邦政府成立央行有“违宪”之嫌,许多人认为该国不再需要有央行的存在。为此,在1811年投票决定是否“续约”时,关于“美国第一银行续约”的提案因一票之差未能通过。

F | 美国第一个央行就此停止运营。

G | 1816年,国会授权美国第二银行成为美国第二个央行,授权年限仍为20年。

H |

I | 美国第二个央行在1836年授权期结束后,也停止了运营。

J | 在缺少央行的这数十年间,美国遭遇了多次经济危机,出现“银行恐慌”(即储户在无法提款后产生恐慌,导致银行挤兑)。

K | 美国历史上出现过不止一个央行,但最终都成了‘历史的灰烬’。

L | ”

M | ”如果既废除美联储,也不回归“本金位”,那财政部有可能充当美联储这一角色吗?有分析认为,现在的美联储独立于白宫和国会,若以后由财政部接替,其经济自主权很容易消失。

N | ”
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